| Tetrarchies and divided empire |
| West | East |
|
| 284-286 | Diocletianus |
284-305 | Diocletianus |
286-305
306-308
310 | Maximianus
Maximianus usorpator
Maximianus usorpator |
| |
| 305-306 | Constantius I |
305-311 | Galerius |
| 306-307 | Severus II |
308-324 | Licinius frend and fellow soldier Galerius |
| 307-312 | Maxentius usorpator, son Maximianus |
310-313 | Maximinus II Daia adopted son Galerius |
| | |
316-317 | Valens co-emperor Licinius |
| | |
324 | Martinianus co-emperor Licinius |
| 307-337 | Constantinus I the Great son Constantius I |
324-337 | Constantinus I the Great |
| 337-340 | Constantinus II son Constantinus I the Great |
| |
| 337-350 | Constans son Constantinus I the Great |
| |
| 350 | Nepotianus usorpator Rome, Constantinian |
| |
| 350-353 | Magnentius usorpator |
| |
| 350-361 | Constantius II son Constantinus I the Great |
337-361 | Constantius II |
| 360-363 | Julianus II the Apostate, Constantinian |
361-363 | Julianus II |
| 363-364 | Jovianus |
361-363 | Jovianus |
| 364-375 | Valentinianus I |
364-378 | Valens brother Valentinianus I |
| | |
365-366 | Precopius usorpator |
367-383 | Gratianus son Valentinianus I |
| |
375-392 | Valentinianus II son Valentinianus I |
| |
| 392-395 | Theodosius I |
379-395 | Theodosius I |
| 393-423 | Honorius son Theodosius I |
383-408 | Arcadius son Theodosius I |
| 421 | Constantius III co-emperor disputed |
402-450 | Theodosius II son Arcadius, sister Pulcheria |
| 423-425 | Johannes usorpator |
| |
425-455
1
| Valentinianus III son Constantius III and
Galla Placidia daughter Theodosius I |
450-457 | Marcianus selected by Pulcheria |
| 455 | Petonius Maximus |
| |
| 455-456 | Avitus |
| |
457-461
1 | Majorianus
supported by Recimer, German general |
457-474
1
| Leo I candidate by Aspar, German Master of Soldiers
instead of Anthemius |
| 461-465 | Libius Severus (Severus III) power by Recimer |
| |
467-472
1 | Anthemius son in law Marcianus, Recimer married Alypia daughter Anthemius |
| |
| 472 | Olybrius supported by Recimer |
| |
| 473-474 | Glycerius supported by Gundobad, Recimer his uncle |
| |
| 474-480 | Julius Nepos supported by Leo I, Glycerius became bishop |
474 | Leo II son of Leo I's daughter Ariadne and Zeno |
475-476
1
1 | Romulus Augustus son of Magister Militum Orestes. Removed from power by Odovacer, leader German merceneries. He ruled Italy in Julius Nepos/Zeno's name |
475-476 | Basiliscus brother Verina, wife of Leo I |
| |
475-476 | Marcus son Basiliscus |
| |
474-491 | Zeno |
| |
484-488 | Leontius usorpator |
| |
527-565 | Justinianus I the Great |
| |
976-1025 | Basileios II Bulgaroktonos and his brother Constantine VIII (976-1025) |