Syrakousai, Syracusa, Syracuse (Siracusa)
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734/3 BC Founded by Corinth
Rulers of Syracusa
505 -498 BC Cleander
498 -491 BC Hippocrates of Gela tyrant after the assassination of his broher,
Naxos, Leontinoi and Zancle conquered, on invitation Samian refugees from Ionia.
Conflict with Anaxilas of Rhegium (494-476 BC). Anaxilas x Cydipe (daughter of
Terillus, tyrant of Himera).
Hippocrates' Attack on Syracusa failed.
492 BC Kamarina in hands Hippocrates by mediation of Corinth.
Hippocrates died fighting the Sicels
491 -478 BC Gelon tyrant of Syracusa. Cavalry commander under Hippocrates.
490 BC Zancle occupied by Anaxilas, expelled the Samians and resettled the city with
Messenians (name Messana)
489/88 BC Gelon joined his father-in-law Theron, tyrant of Akragas, in an attempt to expel
the Carthagenians from Heraclea Minoa
485 BC Gelon intervened (on invitation) in Syracusan civil war. He captured Syracusa
and made it his capital
480 BC Major Carthaginian invasion in support of Terillus (tyrant of Himera, expelled
by Theron of Akragas 483 BC) and Anaxilas of Rhegion (494-476 BC). Carthaginians
under Hamilcar defeated.
478 -467/6 BC Hieron I tyrant of Syracuse, brother of Gelon (father Deinomenes).
Intervened in southern Italy against Anaxilas of Rhegium and against Croton.
475 BC Refounded Catana under the name Aetna
474 BC Won a decisive naval victory against the Etruskans at Cumae (474 BC).
Founded a Syracusan colony on Ischia .
467/6- Thrasybulus (Thrasuboulos), brother of Gelon and Hieron I.
Revolt Syracusa supported by other Sicilian cities. Thrasybulus defeated and retired to Locri.
466 -406 BC second democracy
406 -367 BC Dionysios I, tyrant of Syracusa
367 -343/2 BC Dionysios II, tyrant of Syracusa (son of Dionysios I)
357 -354 BC Dion
344 -336 BC Timoleon
336 -317 BC third democracy
317 -289 BC Agathocles
289 -287 BC fourth democracy
287 -278 BC Hiketas
278 -276 BC Pyrrhus
275/4-216 BC Hieron II
215 -214 BC Hieronymus
214 -212 BC democracy
212 - BC Romans